What is required for operating an airplane within Class D airspace at night under special VFR?

Operating an airplane within Class D airspace at night under special VFR requires that the aircraft is equipped for instrument flight. This is crucial because special VFR is typically used to allow operations in weather conditions that don't meet the standard VFR requirements, especially at night when visibility may be reduced.

An airplane equipped for instrument flight means that it has the necessary instruments, navigation aids, and capabilities to fly safely in lower visibility conditions, which is a key requirement for ensuring safe navigation and operations in such airspace.

In contrast, while specific visibility requirements and cloud clearance may apply during special VFR operations, the primary and critical requirement at night in Class D airspace is the aircraft's capability to perform safely under those conditions, making the aircraft's instrument capabilities the most important factor for safe operations.